Authors : Jimoh K. Adewole (PhD), Kabiru B. Muritala Introduction Membrane separation has evolved from a laboratory curiosity into one of the most important separation technologies in modern industry. Today, membrane processes are used in water purification, gas separation, biotechnology, medicine, energy systems, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and petrochemicals. The field has experienced remarkable growth due to increasing global demand for clean water, sustainable processing, energy efficiency, and environmentally friendly technologies. Today, it is now considered one of the fastest-growing sectors in separation science and process engineering because of its modularity, low energy consumption, scalability, and compatibility with green manufacturing principles. Brief History of Membrane Separation The scientific foundation of membrane separation dates back to 1748

Author: Jimoh K. Adewole  Industrial deployments have revealed that membrane technology can reduce OPEX by up to 20%  IntroductionNigeria currently faces a staggering infrastructure deficit estimated at $3 trillion over the next 30 years, as highlighted in the National Integrated Infrastructure Master Plan (NIIMP) [1]. A critical analysis reveals that approximately 25% to 30% of this requirement is concentrated in the energy and power sector.The urgency for this development is paramount; robust energy infrastructure is the essential foundation for national industrialization and a primary driver for job creation. By stabilizing the power supply, Nigeria can significantly lower the operational costs for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), which currently struggle with prohibitive energy expenses. Furthermore, modernizing the